Since the publication of the “Several Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Supporting the Stable Growth of Foreign Trade” on May 15th, the State Council ’s 16 measures to “stabilize foreign trade” have gradually refined the focus, not only the Ministry of Commerce, Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Ministry of Finance, Agriculture The Ministry of Customs, the General Administration of Taxation, the General Administration of Taxation, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, the People's Bank of China, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, the Foreign Exchange Bureau, the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, and other departments, have successively introduced "20 Customs", "15 National Taxes", "18 Commercial Inspections", " Article 11 of the Central Bank, etc., the local version of the "Stable Foreign Trade" implementation policy has also been introduced recently, and the policies and measures to support the development of foreign trade are being implemented step by step.

Transformation of foreign trade work

Guangdong, which accounts for 1/4 of the country ’s foreign trade share, was the first to take the initiative. The “Guangdong Provincial Implementation Plan for Supporting the Stable Growth of Foreign Trade” (Yuefu Office [2014] No. 27) was published on May 23 and officially announced on June 9, becoming the first in the country. Provincial "stable foreign trade" detailed plan. The plan introduced 25 specific measures from seven aspects, including actively expanding imports, ensuring that exports fell back, accelerating the cultivation of new forms of foreign trade, promoting the transformation and upgrading of foreign trade, optimizing the foreign trade environment, increasing financial and taxation financial support, and strengthening overall coordination.

Immediately following Guangdong Province, Jiangsu Province issued an implementation plan to support the stable growth of foreign trade on June 11. The plan includes 21 measures including stabilizing export growth, increasing import support, optimizing foreign trade structure, fostering new trade formats, improving the development environment, and strengthening financial and financial support.

"These new foreign trade policies indicate new trends in the transformation of China's foreign trade industry. They also show that not only national ministries and commissions, but also local governments are also transforming foreign trade work." Bai Ming, deputy director of the International Market Research Department of the International Trade and Economic Cooperation Research Institute of the Ministry of Commerce, accepted the "China A reporter from the Trade Daily said that local governments are starting to reduce their own power, and emphasized "service", "market", and "efficiency" when stabilizing foreign trade, which is also in line with the changes of the Third Plenary Session of the Eighteenth Central Committee Government functions, simplifying administration and decentralization, and allowing the market to play a decisive role.

"In the past, when regulating foreign trade, there were a maximum of five or six national-level measures, which were issued to local governments for implementation. The control measures also focused on import and export tariffs, export tax rebates, and so on. In fact, it was only a preferential level for foreign trade companies. Control is a 'gate-style' adjustment that is either released or closed. But now, in order to promote the transformation of the foreign trade industry, foreign trade work at the national and local government level has also been transformed. "Bai Ming told reporters that the current foreign trade policy is focusing on optimizing foreign trade Structure, improving the trading environment, strengthening policy guarantees, providing service support, and improving customs clearance efficiency.

Zheng Jianrong, deputy director of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Commerce, pointed out that as a supporting and detailed national policy, Guangdong's plan has both the implementation of state-run documents and "optional actions." He said: "My understanding is that the combination of financial support and optimization of the environment, more emphasis on optimizing the environment, unsuitable thresholds, cancellation of cancellations, reduction of lowering."

"It used to be a dish, but now it is a table meal. It is richer in nutrition and more reasonable." Bai Ming said that now, no matter at the level of national ministries or local governments, the consensus of "stabilizing foreign trade" has gradually been reached and a consensus has been formed. The synergy of policies and the gradual establishment of a vertical and horizontal foreign trade support system can be said to have created a new situation in foreign trade work.

Policy effect can be expected

However, the specific effects of the implementation of the local version of the "stable foreign trade" policy vary from industry to industry.

"25 items in 7 aspects are very specific measures, which will have a certain impact on Guangdong's foreign trade and economy. Some effects such as reducing costs will be immediate. Some measures such as reducing the number of links in various functional departments, improving the efficiency of import and export work, and optimizing. The foreign trade environment needs to be further integrated and improved, but it is also expected. However, almost all of these 25 are small measures to repair and repair in the import and export links. As far as the main difficulties currently faced by foreign trade enterprises, With limited pertinence, the possibility of using these 25 articles to reverse Guangdong's foreign economic and trade pressures is quite small. "Li Youhuan, director of the Guangdong Social Science Comprehensive Research and Development Center, commented on Guangdong's" 25 Articles on Stabilizing Foreign Trade. "

Data released by the Guangdong Branch of the Customs on June 13 showed that in the first five months of this year, the total value of Guangdong's foreign trade imports and exports was 2.4 trillion yuan, a decrease of 19.7% over the same period of the previous year. 83.76 billion US dollars, down 0.5%. In Guangdong Province's "stable foreign trade" plan, it is clear that this year's foreign trade growth target is 2.4%. This is not only lower than the target of around 7.5% to 8% in other provinces in the country, but also far from the double-digit growth (10.9%) of Guangdong's foreign trade last year.

In the future, the pressure on Guangdong's foreign trade and economic cooperation is still relatively large. According to the latest survey data from Li Youhuan and his research group, in May and June, Guangdong's foreign trade and economic cooperation may improve in the new economic and financial situation at home and abroad, but the downward pressure on growth rate is still greater. Major problems such as rising costs, shrinking profit margins, difficult financing, deteriorating production environment, foreign trade market demand and price instability are still difficult to resolve in the near future, including differences in production, logistics, operations, approval systems, finance, and services. Degree of difficulty.

"How to reduce the pressure on foreign trade and economic cooperation on these issues is the main direction for the introduction of new measures and plans. Relevant functional departments should conduct field investigations to rank these problems according to the degree of difficulty and solve their problems one by one. Moreover, the new measures should be targeted at Guangdong foreign trade The problems faced by enterprises are attacked in all directions. Guangdong's implementation plan mainly introduces measures for the import and export link, which is obviously a waste of money and the effect can only be used to send charcoal in the snow. "Li Youhuan said.

"Home soil policy" takes root

In fact, whether it is Guangdong and Jiangsu that have already introduced policies or other provinces that are intensively formulating detailed measures, it has become a consensus to strengthen the pertinence and innovation of the "stable foreign trade" policy.

"Not only must we integrate the" National 16 Articles "and the policies and measures of various ministries and commissions, but also to promote the implementation of these policies in local areas. Targeted measures to allow these policies to take root are not just to 'fat up' short-term, but to improve the soil for the development of foreign trade. "Bai Ming said.

Bai Ming pointed out that the local government's "stabilizing foreign trade" policy must highlight local and regional characteristics. For example, Guangdong Province should focus on the transformation and upgrading of processing trade, cultivate cross-border e-commerce, and strengthen cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao. Jiangsu Province should combine the Shanghai Free Trade Zone, "One Silk One Road", the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the spillover effects of the reform and opening-up pilot zone in southern Jiangsu; measures should be formulated; Shandong Province should focus on Japan-Korea cooperation and the marine economy; Zhejiang Province should focus on foreign trade initiatives for private enterprises and Ningbo, Zhoushan's development strategy; Fujian should lock in the opportunities and advantages of Fujian-Taiwan economic and trade cooperation.

Qi Li Youhuan also emphasized that the "stabilizing foreign trade" policy needs to highlight new measures and new formats to cater to new changes in the international market. "Recently, the structure of Guangdong's foreign trade has changed significantly. The share of traditional products has been declining, and the number of high-tech products has continued to increase, reflecting the continuous improvement in the quality of Guangdong's foreign trade and economic cooperation after a period of transformation and upgrading, especially the obvious growth rate of high-tech product exports. And more stable. "Li Youhuan said that the gradual withdrawal of traditional products from Guangdong is in line with the law of industrial development. Therefore, when the measures of “stabilizing foreign trade” were introduced, Guangdong should not only consider how these traditional industries are transferred and obtain the final transfer of profits, but also pay attention to the development prospects of new formats and expand exports of high-tech products.

In addition, the new measures should also address new changes in the current international market. "Recently, the European and American markets have seen signs of recovery, and Europe has just implemented a negative interest rate policy to encourage production and consumption. It can be expected that European and American market demand may expand. Recently, China's major leaders have frequently visited and waved flags for our foreign trade. South America, Africa The market demand in Central Asia and other regions has expanded, and there are better expectations in the future. In response to new changes in the international market, relevant functional departments can seize opportunities and break through traditional thinking and backward practices to find new target markets for products. "Li Youhuan Say.

The support for the new business format is evident from the "25 Articles on Stabilizing Foreign Trade" in Guangdong Province. Zheng Jianrong said that from new consumer formats such as “cross-border online shopping”, to high-speed development and supply chain companies that value the ability to integrate the industrial chain, to service outsourcing with strong human resource requirements, these new formats are the future development of Guangdong and the country ’s foreign trade The hope lies.